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Heating energy savings potential from retrofitting old apartments with an advanced double-skin façade

Yeo Beom YOON, Byeongmo SEO, Brian Baewon KOH, Soolyeon CHO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 224-240 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0801-1

摘要： Apartments account for over 60% of total residential buildings and consume a significant portion of primary energy in South Korea. Various energy efficiency measures have been implemented for both new apartment constructions and existing apartment retrofits. Old apartment structures have poor thermal performances, resulting in a high energy consumption. The South Korean government initiated retrofitting projects to improve the energy efficiency in old apartments. Apartment owners typically replace old windows with high-performance windows; however, there is still a demand for better and more innovative retrofit methods for a highly improved energy efficiency. This paper proposes an advanced double-skin façade (DSF) system to replace existing balcony windows in old apartments. Considering the cold climate conditions of Seoul, South Korea, it mainly discusses heating energy savings. Three case models were developed: Base-Case with existing apartment, Case-1 with typical retrofitting, and Case-2 with the proposed DSF system. The EnergyPlus simulation program was used to develop simulation models for a floor radiant heating system. A typical gas boiler was selected for low-temperature radiant system modeling. The air flow network method was used to model the proposed DSF system. Five heating months, i.e., November to March, and one representative day, i.e., January 24, were selected for detailed analysis. The main heat loss areas consist of windows, walls, and infiltration. The results reveal that the apartment with the DSF retrofit saves 38.8% on the annual heating energy compared to the Base-Case and 35.2% compared to Case-1.

关键词： double-skin façade     retrofitting     high-rise apartment     heating energy     building simulation    

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Moment-curvature relationship of FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular members

Mingxue LIU, Jiaru QIAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 25-31 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0012-7

摘要： Tests were conducted on 3 specimens to study the flexural behavior of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP)-concrete-steel double-skin tubular members (DSTMs). The strip method was used to calculate the section moment-curvature curves of the 3 specimens and 12 models. A theoretical formula is presented for the flexural strength of DSTMs. The test results show that the tension zone of the specimen FRP tubes was in hoop compression while the compression zone was in hoop tension. The load-carrying capacity did not decrease even when the mid-span deflection reached about 1/24 of the span length. The tests, simulation and theoretical analysis resulted in a simplified formula for the flexural strength of DSTMs and a tri-linear moment-curvature model was expressed as a function of the section bending stiffness for DSTMs.

关键词： fiber reinforced polymer (FRP)     concrete     steel     double-skin tubular members (DSTMs)     moment-curvature curve     flexural strength    

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Numerical study of thermal characteristics of double skin facade system with middle shade

Shaoning LIU, Xiangfei KONG, Hua YANG, Minchao FAN, Xin ZHAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 222-234 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0480-8

摘要： Architectural shade is an effective method for improving building energy efficiency. A new shade combined with the double skin façade (DSF) system, called middle shade (MS), was introduced and developed for buildings. In this paper, a 3D dynamic simulation was conducted to analyze the influence of MS combined with DSF on the indoor thermal characteristics. The research on MS for DSF involves the temperature, the ventilation rate, the velocity distribution of the air flow duct, and the indoor temperature. The results show that the angle and position of the shade in the three seasons are different, and different conditions effectively enhance the indoor thermal characteristics. In summer, the appearance of MS in DSF makes the indoor temperature significantly lower. The indoor temperature is obviously lower than that of the air flow duct, and the temperature of the air flow duct is less affected by MS. The influence of the position of blinds on indoor temperature and ventilation rate is greater than the influence of the angle of blinds. According to the climate characteristics of winter and transition season, in winter, early spring, and late autumn, the indoor temperature decreases with the increase of the position of blinds at daytime, but the opposite is true at night. The results found in this paper can provide reference for the design and use of MS combined with DSF in hot summer and cold winter zone.

关键词： middle shade     position     thermal characteristics     double skin facade    

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Structural performance of a façade precast concrete sandwich panel enabled by a bar-type basalt fiber-reinforced

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 122-137 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0894-1

摘要： In this study, a novel diagonally inserted bar-type basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) connector was proposed, aiming to achieve both construction convenience and partially composite behavior in precast concrete sandwich panels (PCSPs). First, pull-out tests were conducted to evaluate the anchoring performance of the connector in concrete after exposure to different temperatures. Thereafter, direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the shear performance of the connector. After the test on the individual performance of the connector, five façade PCSP specimens with the bar-type BFRP connector were fabricated, and the out-of-plane flexural performance was tested under a uniformly distributed load. The investigating parameters included the panel length, opening condition, and boundary condition. The results obtained in this study primarily indicated that 1) the bar-type BFRP connector can achieve a reliable anchorage system in concrete; 2) the bar-type BFRP connector can offer sufficient stiffness and capacity to achieve a partially composite PCSP; 3) the boundary condition of the panel considerably influenced the out-of-plane flexural performance and composite action of the investigated façade PCSP.

关键词： precast concrete sandwich panel     basalt fiber reinforced polymer     pull-out performance     shear performance     out-of-plane flexural performance    

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Behavior of concrete-filled double skin steel tubular columns with octagon section under axial compression

YANG Junjie, PENG Guojun, XU Hanyong

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 205-210 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0035-5

摘要： Based on some conclusions of two kinds of concrete-filled double skin steel tube (CFDSST) members with circular or square sections, a new kind of CFDSST with octagonal section, where the outer tube has an octagonal section and the inner tube has a circular section, is proposed in this paper. Behaviors of the CFDSST members with octagon section subjected to axial compression are investigated, and some curves of load-strain of steel tubes and confined concrete and the bearing capacity of members are obtained. It is indicated that the bearing capacity of the columns with octagonal section is larger than that with square section and is smaller than that with circular section, and the bearing capacity of members is related to the ratio of the straight side to the bevelled one. Based on the proper stress-strain relationship, a couple of numerical analyses are made using the finite element software named ANSYS. Finally, a simplified formula is proposed in the paper, and the numerical results agree well with the experimental results and the mathematical solutions. The results are valuable for engineers.

关键词： mathematical     numerical     compression     stress-strain relationship     straight    

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Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 447-449 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0062-5

摘要： The method for analyzing the out-of-plane deformation of a flexible skin under airflow is developed in this paper. The aerodynamic analysis is performed using the CFD software, and the structural analysis is performed using finite element method. The chief aim of the present study is to investigate the out-of-plane deformation of the shape memory polymer (SMP) skin at different temperatures. Numerical results show that the maximum out-of-plane displacement of the SMP skin increases with increasing temperature. When the SMP skin is heated to 53°C, the maximum out-of-plane displacement is about 7 mm. It decreases by 72%, when the SMP skin is applied with a uniform pre-strain of 0.1.

关键词： aircraft     morphing     skin     shape memory polymer (SMP)     deformation     pre-strain    

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The critical importance of epigenetics in autoimmune-related skin diseases

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 43-57 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0980-8

摘要： Autoimmune-related skin diseases are a group of disorders with diverse etiology and pathophysiology involved in autoimmunity. Genetics and environmental factors may contribute to the development of these autoimmune disorders. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of these disorders are poorly understood, environmental variables that induce aberrant epigenetic regulations may provide some insights. Epigenetics is the study of heritable mechanisms that regulate gene expression without changing DNA sequences. The most important epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings regarding the function of epigenetic mechanisms in autoimmune-related skin disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, bullous skin diseases, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. These findings will expand our understanding and highlight the possible clinical applications of precision epigenetics approaches.

关键词： epigenetics     autoimmune-related skin diseases     DNA methylation     histone modifications     noncoding RNAs    

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Hyperthermia on skin immune system and its application in the treatment of human papillomavirus-infectedskin diseases

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 1-5 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0309-3

摘要：

Hyperthermia is a condition characterized by increased body temperature as a consequence of failed thermoregulation. Hyperthermia occurs when a body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates. Hyperthermia also elicits various effects on the physiology of living cells. For instance, fever-range temperature (39β°C to 40β°C) can modulate the activities of immune cells, including antigen-presenting cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Heat shock temperature (41β°C to 43β°C) can increase the immunogenicity of tumor cells. Cytotoxic temperature (>43β°C) can create an antigen source to induce an anti-tumor immune response. The immunomodulatory effect of hyperthermia has promoted an interest in hyperthermia-aided immunotherapy, particularly against tumors. Hyperthermia has also been used to treat deep fungal, bacterial, and viral skin infections. We conducted a series of open or controlled trials to treat skin human papillomavirus infection by inducing local hyperthermia. More than half of the patients were significantly cured compared with those in the control trial. A series of challenging clinical cases, such as large lesions in pregnant patients or patients with diabetes mellitus, were also successfully and safely managed using the proposed method. However, further studies should be conducted to clarify the underlying mechanisms and promote the clinical applications of hyperthermia.

关键词： hyperthermia     HPV     immune response     virus     tumor    

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Risk stratification system for skin and soft tissue infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 957-968 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0910-1

摘要： Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) refer to infections involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle. In transplant populations with hematological malignancies, an immunocompromised status and the routine use of immunosuppressants increase the risk of SSTIs greatly. However, to date, the profiles and clinical outcomes of SSTIs in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients remain unclear. This study included 228 patients (3.67%) who developed SSTIs within 180 days after allogeneic HSCT from January 2004 to December 2019 in Peking University People’s Hospital. The overall annual survival rate was 71.5%. We compared the differences between survivors and non-survivors a year after transplant and found that primary platelet graft failure (PPGF), comorbidities of acute kidney injury (AKI), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) were independent risk factors for death in the study population. A PPGF–AKI–HAP risk stratification system was established with a mortality risk score of 1×PPGF+1×AKI+1×HAP. The areas under the curves of internal and external validation were 0.833 (95% CI 0.760–0.906) and 0.826 (95% CI 0.715–0.937), respectively. The calibration plot revealed the high consistency of the estimated risks, and decision curve analysis showed considerable net benefits for patients.

关键词： skin and soft tissue infections     hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     risk stratification system     mortality    

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Analysis of effect of different construction methods of piles on the end effect on skin friction of piles

ZHOU Hongbo, CHEN Zhuchang

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 458-463 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0062-7

摘要： Based on the comparative analysis of end effect on skin friction of displacement-pile (driven pile), the end effect on skin friction of bored pile is studied. The end effect on skin friction between driven pile and bored pile is different and the end effect on skin friction of bored pile is reduce of skin friction in the soil layer adjacent to the pile end. The degradation degree of skin friction is deduced with the increase of the distance from pile end. The concept of additional mud cake formed by the effect of cushion at the bottom of borehole during pouring concrete is introduced to explain the mechanism of end effect on skin friction of the bored pile. The test results of post-grouting piles indicate that the post-grouting technique is an effective way to improve the end effect on skin friction of bored pile.

关键词： distance     different     concept     additional     bottom    

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一种基于新的势能曲面变平的卫星舱布局问题的启发式方法 Article

Jing-fa LIU,Juan HUANG,Gang LI,Wen-jie LIU,Ting-zhao GUAN,Liang HAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1031-1043 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500302

摘要： 概要：卫星舱布局问题是一种带性能约束的三维布局优化问题，已经被证明具有NP难度。通过采用拟物策略和罚函数方法，我们将该问题转化为一个不带约束的优化问题。势能曲面变平法（energy landscape paving, ELP）是一个经典的基于蒙特卡洛的全局优化算法，已被成功应用于许多优化问题。ELP能够通过在复杂的势能曲面随机行走来搜索低能构形。然而，当ELP陷入又窄又深的势能曲面山谷时，它很难逃离。通过提出ELP方法中直方图函数的一种新的更新机制，我们获得了一种改进的势能曲面变平法。通过将带局部搜索的梯度法融入改进的ELP方法，为卫星舱布局问题提出了一种新的全局搜索方法nELP。本文测试了来自文献的两个有代表性的算例。计算结果显示，nELP是求解带性能约束的卫星舱布局问题的有效算法。

关键词： 三维布局；势能曲面变平；布局优化；性能约束    

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Medical oncology management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma 2019: a reality check

Amy Lee, Fa-Chyi Lee

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 273-283 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0728-2

摘要： In terms of global cancer-related deaths, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the fourth highest mortality rate. Up until 2017, treatment of advanced HCC was largely limited to sorafenib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with little to no success in the development of alternative treatment options. However, in the past two years, there has been an unprecedented increase in both the number and type of treatment options available for HCC. As of 2019, the US FDA has approved four oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors, two immune checkpoint inhibitors, and one anti-angiogenesis antibody for the treatment of HCC. Even with this new variety, systemic treatment of advanced HCC remains largely unsatisfactory, and the median survival rate stands at approximately one year. The expected breakthrough of using immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced HCC did not materialize in 2019. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in conjunction with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors or anti-angiogenesis medications is the current clinical research trend, the results of which are eagerly anticipated. Despite limited progress in survival, HCC research is currently experiencing a period of growth and innovation, and there is hope for significant advances in the treatment of advanced HCC as the field continues to develop.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma     tyrosine kinase inhibitor     check point inhibitor     anti-angiogenesis    

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产氧缝合线介导的氧气全层渗透用于促进移植皮肤的存活 Article

宰文静, 袁雨浓, 康琳, 许加龙, 胡一桥, 康立峰, 吴锦慧

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第29卷 第10期   页码 83-94 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.006

摘要：

全厚皮肤移植对于重建皮肤屏障、促进伤口愈合至关重要，充足的氧气供给与皮肤移植的成功密切相关。然而，全厚皮肤的氧气递送受限于皮肤对氧气的低渗透性。在本篇文章中，构建了产氧缝合线用于促进全厚皮肤的氧气渗透。在皮肤模型的15 mm厚度处，产氧缝合线递送的氧气量是局部气态氧疗的100倍以上。在极端乏氧（< 0.5% O2，v/v）环境下，产氧缝合线可以促进内皮细胞增殖。通过小鼠自体皮瓣移植实验发现，产氧缝合线帮助恢复血液再灌注、促进移植皮肤的存活。产氧缝合线有望在临床中被使用，促进全厚皮肤移植的成功。

关键词： 伤口     皮肤移植     产氧缝合线     全层氧气递送    

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Experimental measurement of double-K fracture parameters of concrete with small-size aggregates

ZHANG Xiufang, XU Shilang, ZHENG Shuang

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 448-457 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0061-8

摘要： The double- fracture model can well describe the development of cracks undergoing during the entire fracture process in concrete. Therefore, it has been selected as the theoretical basis of the Norm for fracture test of

关键词： development     concrete     theoretical     double- fracture    

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一种新颖的多小区正交频分多址中继网络资源优化分配算法 Article

Ning DU,Fa-sheng LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第8期   页码 825-833 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500294

摘要： 在蜂窝网络中，用户通过各自的基站相互通信，且通常位于不同的小区内。对于用户来说，基站相当于一个解码转发中继节点。除了这种传统的用户之外，我们认为相互之间需要通信的用户还可以位于同一小区内，由此产生小区内通信。在这种情况下，基站可作为双向中继取代传统的解码转发中继，实现信息交换。多小区正交频分多址网络同时包含了这两种类型的用户。其中，资源优化分配是我们的研究重点。特别地，我们联合优化子载波分配、子载波成对和功率分配，从而最大化加权速率。通过拉格朗日对偶分解近似求解在用户功率固定的情况下基站资源的最优化问题。仿真结果表明，本文提出的策略优于现有的策略。

关键词： 双向中继；子载波分配；子载波成对    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Heating energy savings potential from retrofitting old apartments with an advanced double-skin façade

Yeo Beom YOON, Byeongmo SEO, Brian Baewon KOH, Soolyeon CHO

期刊论文

Moment-curvature relationship of FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular members

Mingxue LIU, Jiaru QIAN

期刊论文

Numerical study of thermal characteristics of double skin facade system with middle shade

Shaoning LIU, Xiangfei KONG, Hua YANG, Minchao FAN, Xin ZHAN

期刊论文

Structural performance of a façade precast concrete sandwich panel enabled by a bar-type basalt fiber-reinforced

期刊论文

Behavior of concrete-filled double skin steel tubular columns with octagon section under axial compression

YANG Junjie, PENG Guojun, XU Hanyong

期刊论文

Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

期刊论文

The critical importance of epigenetics in autoimmune-related skin diseases

期刊论文

Hyperthermia on skin immune system and its application in the treatment of human papillomavirus-infectedskin diseases

null

期刊论文

Risk stratification system for skin and soft tissue infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell

期刊论文

Analysis of effect of different construction methods of piles on the end effect on skin friction of piles

ZHOU Hongbo, CHEN Zhuchang

期刊论文

一种基于新的势能曲面变平的卫星舱布局问题的启发式方法

Jing-fa LIU,Juan HUANG,Gang LI,Wen-jie LIU,Ting-zhao GUAN,Liang HAO

期刊论文

Medical oncology management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma 2019: a reality check

Amy Lee, Fa-Chyi Lee

期刊论文

产氧缝合线介导的氧气全层渗透用于促进移植皮肤的存活

宰文静, 袁雨浓, 康琳, 许加龙, 胡一桥, 康立峰, 吴锦慧

期刊论文

Experimental measurement of double-K fracture parameters of concrete with small-size aggregates

ZHANG Xiufang, XU Shilang, ZHENG Shuang

期刊论文

一种新颖的多小区正交频分多址中继网络资源优化分配算法

Ning DU,Fa-sheng LIU

期刊论文